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UNDERSTANDING THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES: A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW

  UNDERSTANDING THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES: A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW   The criminal justice system in the Philippines is a complex network designed to uphold the rule of law, maintain public order, and administer justice. It involves various institutions and processes, each playing a vital role in addressing crime and ensuring fair legal proceedings. Here’s a detailed look at how this system operates:   1. THE STRUCTURE OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM The criminal justice system in the Philippines is structured into three main components: law enforcement, the judiciary, and corrections.   A. LAW ENFORCEMENT Law enforcement is the first line of defense in the criminal justice system. The primary agencies involved include:   -        Philippine National Police (PNP): The PNP is responsible for maintaining peace and order, preventing and investigating crimes, and apprehending suspects. They operat...

THE CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

  CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION is an art that deals with the identity and location of the offender and prove his guilt in a criminal proceeding. It is the systematic method of inquiry that is more a science than an art. The logic of scientific method must, however, be supplemented by the investigator's initiative and resourcefulness. The sequences of the investigation should be regarded by scientific, operating framework that requires improvising on the part of the investigator.  3 I’S IN INVESTIGATION 1. INFORMATION  Information is a communicated knowledge by others obtaining by personal study, investigation, research, analysis, observation. The use of modern gadgets in intelligence and other things and material that possess or contain a desire information or knowledge  2. INTERROGATION/ INTERVIEW  Interrogation is the questioning of a person suspected of having committed an offense or of a person who is reluctant to make a full disclo...

THE FATHER OF MODERN CRIMINOLOGY

  CESARE LOMBROSO: THE FATHER OF MODERN CRIMINOLOGY One name always comes up when discussing the beginnings of criminology as a scientific discipline: Cesare Lombroso. Often referred to be the "father of modern criminology," Lombroso made important advances that influenced how we currently investigate crime and criminal behavior.   WHO WAS CESARE LOMBROSO? Italian physician and criminologist Cesare Lombroso was born in 1835. Through his work in the late 19th century, the area of crime studies moved away from simply philosophical or moralistic viewpoints and toward some of the first systematic approaches to the subject. Lombroso's views were groundbreaking at the time they were proposed, and even if some of them have subsequently been improved upon and questioned, his influence cannot be denied.   WHAT DID HE CONTRIBUTE? Lombroso is perhaps best known for his theory of the "born criminal." He proposed that certain individuals were predisposed to cr...